Reproductive Toxicity of DDVP: Endocrine Disruption and Gametotoxic Effects

A common organophosphate insecticide and pesticide, particularly in poor nations, is Dichlorvos (DDVP). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is its main mode of action, which causes excessive acetylcholine and neurotoxicity. Aside from its neurotoxicity, recent research has shown that DDVP causes serious reproductive damage by disrupting the hormones and showing gametotoxicity. The DDVP alters testicular shape, alters spermatogonial cell viability, decreases testosterone, and alters sperm standard in rodent experiments. Moreover, it inhibits androgen receptor function and may increase susceptibility to prostate cancer in farm workers exposed to it. The DDVP and other Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) alter hormone signaling in humans and animals repeatedly due to repeated exposure to these chemicals at work, through food, or otherwise. The above disturbances are of concern, especially at the most vulnerable life stages, i.e., pregnancy and puberty. Prenatal DDVP exposure can be transferred from mother to foetus and can influence foetal development, motor function, and neurodevelopment. Recent examination of endocrine disruption mechanisms and gametotoxic effects of DDVP-induced reproductive damage. The well-being of the populace is dependent on understanding and mitigating the impact of DDVP in the process of its unprecedented use and control to prevent extended harm, particularly in the context of timely advancements.