Investigation of Wound Healing Potential of Methanol Exract of Dissotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Triana (Melastomatoceae)

Background and Objective: Wound healing is a complex biological process that is frequently delayed by microbial infection and persistent inflammation. Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine represent promising sources for the development of effective and affordable wound-care therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing and antibacterial potentials of the methanol extract of Dissotis rotundifolia using in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Materials and Methods: Excision wounds were created and treated topically with ointment formulations containing 5, 20, and 50% concentrations of D. rotundifolia methanol extract, while an untreated group served as the control. Wound contraction was monitored over 12 days, and healing kinetics, daily contraction rates, and cumulative healing responses were assessed. Antibacterial activity against a wound-sore isolate was evaluated using Agar Disc diffusion and Well-in-Agar diffusion assays. Results: The 5% extract formulation exhibited the most rapid and consistent wound healing, achieving complete wound closure by day 10 and maintaining this effect through day 12. This group also recorded the highest daily healing rate and the largest area under the wound contraction–time curve, indicating superior overall healing efficacy. Although the 20 and 50% extract concentrations significantly enhanced wound contraction compared to the control, their effects were less pronounced. The methanol extract showed notable antibacterial activity against the wound-sore isolate, whereas the reference antibiotic and solvent control produced no inhibitory effect. A positive association was observed between antibacterial activity and improved wound-healing outcomes. Conclusion: The methanol extract of Dissotis rotundifolia exhibits concentration-dependent wound-healing and antibacterial activities, with optimal efficacy observed at lower concentrations. These findings support the therapeutic potential of D. rotundifolia as a natural agent for wound management.